Like Latvian and Old Prussian, the Lithuanian language belongs to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family. The size of the territory in which Lithuanian was spoken shrank considerably through the ages. Today it is roughly coterminous with the boundaries of Lithuania except for some areas of Lithuanian speakers in Poland and Belarus, and except for the diaspora living in the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Latin America, Australia, and even Siberia.

Lithuanian population : 3,717,000, Lithuanian 80%, Russian 8,9%, Poles 7.3%, Belorussian 1.7%, Ukrainian 0.9%,
Main religions: Roman Catholic, Russian Orthodox.
Vilnius population : 553.3 thousand
Languages : Lithuanian,Russian
Other large cities: Kaunas, Klaipeda, Sauliai, Panevezys.
Total territory : 65,300 Sq. kilometers
Climate : Climate is transitional between maritime and continental
The average temperature of January is -4.8 C,
The average temperature of July is 17.2 C, fluctuates from 16.5 C